Radical changes to our health care system that take into account the unique needs of women, including minority populations, are needed to ensure women are receiving the same high-quality care that men receive, according to a review paper published today in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology and written by members of the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Disease in Women Committee.
“It is precisely when our health care system is in a state of restructuring and championing personalised and precision medicine that opportunities exist for a call to action toward patient-centred, effective care of women at risk for or living with cardiovascular disease,” says Leslee Shaw, lead author of the review paper and a member of the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Disease in Women Committee.
According to committee members, struggles to achieve high-quality and equitable heart health care today persist for many women. Evidence shows that the quality of care received by women from black and minority ethnic groups is suboptimal. With this review the committee aims to promote enhanced awareness, develop critical thinking in sex and gender science and identify strategic pathways to improve the cardiovascular health of women.
The authors looked at the socioeconomic disadvantages influencing the care of women, including social and cultural determinants of health and disease, how financial disparities influence health-seeking behaviours, the influence of race and ethnicity in equity of care, and the ethical accountability of healthcare providers and the healthcare system.
Researchers also sought to define equitable care for women, stating that equity is not always characterised as women and men receiving the same care but that “any adequate concept of equity must incorporate biological differences.”
To conclude, the review offers suggestions for creating an equitable healthcare system that would include prioritising and funding sex and gender science, personalising care to meet the needs of specific localities, and requiring public reporting of data to include information on age, sex, race and ethnicity.
“Realistically, full transformation [of the health care system] is unachievable,” Shaw says. “But delineation of the components of necessary, but high-quality healthcare, including a women-specific research agenda, remains a vital part of strategic planning to improve the lives of women at risk for and living with cardiovascular disease.”
